Phishing is a type of cyber attack where a malicious actor poses as a reputable entity or business in order to deceive people and collect their sensitive information - such as credit card details, usernames, passwords, and so forth. Since phishing involves psychological manipulation and relies on human failures (instead of hardware or software) it is considered a type of social engineering attack.

All economies experience some level of inflation, which occurs when the average price of goods increases, as the purchasing power of that currency decreases. Usually, governments and financial institutions work together to ensure inflation occurs at a smooth and gradual rate. However, there have been many instances in history where inflation rates have accelerated at such an unprecedented degree that it caused the real value of that country's currency to be diminished in alarming proportions. This accelerated rate of inflation is what we call hyperinflation.

Ever hear your grandmother talk about how everything was cheaper when she was younger? That’s because of inflation. It’s caused by irregularities in supply and demand for products and services, leading to an increase in prices.

Hashing refers to the process of generating a fixed-size output from an input of variable size. This is done through the use of mathematical formulas known as hash functions (implemented as hashing algorithms).

Simply put, fiat currency is legal tender that derives its value from its issuing government rather than a physical good or commodity. The strength of the government that establishes the value of fiat currency is key in this type of money. Most countries around the world use the fiat currency system to purchase goods and services, invest, and save. Fiat currency replaced the gold standard and other commodity-based systems in establishing the value of legal tender.

Cryptojacking is a malicious activity, in which an infected device is used to secretly mine for cryptocurrencies. In order to do so, the attacker makes use of the victims’ processing power and bandwidth (in most cases this is done without their awareness or consent).

Arbitrage trading is a relatively low-risk trading strategy that takes advantage of price differences across markets. Most of the time, this involves buying and selling the same asset (like Bitcoin) on different exchanges. Since the price of Bitcoin should, in theory, be equal on Binance and on another exchange, any difference between the two is likely an arbitrage opportunity.